{"id":25640,"date":"2025-11-20T10:08:21","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T10:08:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/divi5.irshare.eu\/une-question-a-roland-erne-professeur-dintegration-europeenne-et-de-relations-professionnelles-a-lucd\/"},"modified":"2026-05-19T11:17:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T11:17:00","slug":"une-question-a-roland-erne-professeur-dintegration-europeenne-et-de-relations-professionnelles-a-lucd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/irshare.eu\/fr\/une-question-a-roland-erne-professeur-dintegration-europeenne-et-de-relations-professionnelles-a-lucd\/","title":{"rendered":"Une question \u00e0&#8230; Roland Erne, professeur d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne et de relations professionnelles \u00e0 l&rsquo;UCD"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_block_row\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Selon vous, la Cour de justice ne pouvait que valider la directive sur les salaires minimums ad\u00e9quats ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>\u00c0 mon sens \u2013 et il s\u2019agit d\u2019une analyse politique plut\u00f4t que juridique \u2013 la Cour de justice ne pouvait pas suivre les conclusions de son avocat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral en estimant que l\u2019UE avait outrepass\u00e9 ses comp\u00e9tences. L\u2019UE a impos\u00e9 des r\u00e9ductions salariales et des r\u00e9formes drastiques de la n\u00e9gociation collective aux pays mis en difficult\u00e9 par la crise financi\u00e8re de 2008, de l\u2019Irlande \u00e0 la Roumanie. Comme nous l\u2019avons montr\u00e9 dans notre ouvrage (<strong>*<\/strong>) paru l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, ces attaques n\u00e9olib\u00e9rales contre les droits sociaux, les salaires et les conditions de travail ont \u00e9t\u00e9 activement encourag\u00e9es par les organisations patronales, au niveau europ\u00e9en (Business Europe), comme national (Medef en France, Confindustria en Italie\u2026) et m\u00eame avec le soutien de la Chambre de commerce am\u00e9ricaine.  <br \/>Cette pression exerc\u00e9e sur les dirigeants europ\u00e9ens pour intervenir directement dans les m\u00e9canismes nationaux de fixation des salaires a progressivement transform\u00e9, de fait, la politique salariale et la n\u00e9gociation collective en domaines relevant des comp\u00e9tences de l\u2019UE.<br \/>D\u00e8s lors, si l\u2019UE pouvait l\u00e9gitimement intervenir pour d\u00e9centraliser la n\u00e9gociation collective ou r\u00e9duire les salaires, il devient difficile de comprendre pourquoi elle ne pourrait pas, a contrario, adopter une directive destin\u00e9e \u00e0 corriger les exc\u00e8s des ann\u00e9es post-crise et \u00e0 garantir un taux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de couverture conventionnelle et des salaires minimums ad\u00e9quats dans l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019Europe.<br \/>Cet argument a d\u00fb peser devant la Cour de justice. De nombreuses affaires avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9es devant elle \u00e0 propos des interventions de la Commission et du Conseil dans les r\u00e9ductions salariales impos\u00e9es \u00e0 travers l\u2019Europe apr\u00e8s la crise. Dans tous ses arr\u00eats, la Cour avait valid\u00e9 ces mesures d\u2019aust\u00e9rit\u00e9 au nom du bon fonctionnement de l\u2019Union. Cette jurisprudence a probablement plac\u00e9 les magistrats dans une situation d\u00e9licate lors de l\u2019examen de la directive : les juges ne voulaient sans doute pas s\u2019exposer \u00e0 des critiques syndicales ou sociales s\u2019ils statuaient diff\u00e9remment. Les citoyens auraient in\u00e9vitablement pos\u00e9 la m\u00eame question : comment des r\u00e9ductions salariales peuvent-elles \u00eatre jug\u00e9es l\u00e9gales, alors qu\u2019un salaire minimum ad\u00e9quat serait, lui, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme ill\u00e9gal ?    <br \/>Ce cas illustre de mani\u00e8re particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ressante comment le lobbying patronal en faveur des baisses de salaires et de la d\u00e9centralisation de la n\u00e9gociation collective a paradoxalement pr\u00e9par\u00e9 le terrain pour l\u2019adoption de la directive sur le salaire minimum, puis par un ironique revirement, cr\u00e9\u00e9 les conditions n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l'\u00e9tablissement d'une base plus solide pour les d\u00e9fenseurs d'une Europe sociale !<\/p>\n<p>(<strong>*<\/strong>) \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erc-europeanunions.eu\/book-politicising-commodification\/\">Politicising Commodification: European Governance and Labour Politics from the Financial Crisis to the Covid Emergency\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_2 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><em>Voir aussi :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/irshare.eu\/eu-directive-2022-2041-of-19-october-2022-on-adequate-minimum-wages-in-the-european-union\/\">Directive 2022\/2041 of 19 October 2022 on adequate minimum wages<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":25630,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2009,620],"tags":[323,150,616,1691],"post_country":[627],"post_doc_language":[630],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-25640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-question-for","category-ir-notes-fr","tag-court-justice-european-union","tag-minimum-wage","tag-salaire-minimum","tag-une-question-a","post_country-union-europeenne","post_doc_language-anglais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Une question \u00e0... 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